Run the orebody, not the back office.
Critical-minerals economics now hinge on FEOC, §30D, and §45X chain-of-custody — and the Dec 2026 deadline is unforgiving. Expanse covers the full vertical: Geological FM for the rocks, closed-loop optimization for the mill, FEOC + §45X attestation for the credits, MSHA + permit attestation for the regulator, and embedded trading for the off-take.
Seven firm sectors. One vertical stack.
Majors, mid-tier producers, refiners + processors, juniors, streamers + royalties, OEMs, and off-takers each operate at a different point on the curve. The same Expanse stack — Standard Engines, Multimodal FMs, Closed-Loop Optimization, Full-Stack Edge AI, OT Security — drops into each of them with the surfaces they actually need.
Refiners + processors are the FEOC wedge: chain-of-custody for §30D + §45X is now the gate. Streamers and royalties underwrite at the Geological FM level — KoBold-pattern asset evaluation at industry scale. Producers get the full-stack closed loop on mill, fleet, and assay QC. Every lot is graded, reconciled, and routed before it leaves the pit.
Mine economics
Where the value lives
Three firm-sector wedges.
Across the seven firm sectors served, three patterns concentrate the value: refiners under the FEOC wedge, streamers underwriting on Geological FM, and producers closing the loop on mill + fleet.
Refiners + processors
The FEOC wedge. §30D + §45X chain-of-custody is now the gate to qualified critical-minerals economics. Expanse assembles the lineage as material moves, surfaces non-compliant suppliers before they hit the lot, and produces the §45X substantiation packet at filing time.
- FEOC + §30D entity-of-concern lineage scanning at every layer
- §45X production credit calculation and continuous substantiation
- Alternative-source qualification timing under Dec 2026 deadline
- Off-take + concentrate-spec interchange with downstream cathode + battery customers
Streamers + royalties
Capital allocators underwriting at the rock level. Geological FM gives streamers and royalty houses a KoBold-pattern asset evaluation surface at industry scale — drill-core + airborne survey + comparable-deposit retrieval — turning multi-month diligence into days.
- Geological FM evaluation of drill-core + survey datasets
- Comparable-deposit retrieval across global asset library
- Reserve disclosure + SEC modernization rule reporting
- Royalty calculation + JV allocation handled by Accounting agents
Producers — majors, mid-tier, juniors
Full-stack closed-loop on mill, fleet, and assay QC. Every ton is graded, reconciled, and routed. Haul fleets and underground equipment write their own work orders; concentrator metallurgical balance is tuned by CLO; tailings deposition is logged for TSF stability evidence.
- Assay-lab QC, blank/duplicate review, grade reconciliation
- Mill flotation policy via CLO — P80, reagent dosing, cell air
- Predictive maintenance from OEM telemetry + oil analysis
- MSHA Part 50 reporting, near-miss rollup, Part 46 training
From drill core to off-take
The full vertical, in a single loop.
An assay return updates the block model, tunes the mill recipe, and seals the FEOC + §45X chain-of-custody for the lot — continuously, autonomously, auditably.
A drill core becomes an attested lot in seconds
Geological FM grades the core, CLO tunes the mill, chain-of-custody seals the §45X packet — across the orebody, the mill, the off-take.
Concentrates feed cathode; royalties feed credit
Critical-mineral output isn’t terminal. The same chain-of-custody that earns §45X here qualifies the lot for battery-materials and steel-metals customers downstream.
Cathode + precursor customers require qualified, FEOC-clean lineage for §30D + §45X bonus credits. Same chain-of-custody, downstream contract.
Iron ore + alloy off-take feeds mini-mills and integrated mills. CBAM carbon-intensity attestation rides on the same provenance schema.
Off-take optimization, hedging, and physical-market participation under the Dodd-Frank §2(h)(7) end-user exception — no traditional license required.
§45X credit transferability, royalty-stream underwriting, streaming-deal origination — Geological FM evaluation backs every transaction.
Deploy on a single pit.
One pit, one mill, one workflow. Assay QC, mill-flotation policy, or §45X substantiation in 30 days — see the output before you commit to anything.